VOCIFEROUS opposition to the US Harbour Maintenance Tax has been voiced at the recent Long Beach-hosted JOC Transpacific Maritime Conference by west coast maritime interests who say it drives cargo away though Canadian ports and is spent to help rivals on the east coast.

West coast ports pay most of the dredging tax because they takes in most of the cargo while east coast ports get most of the dredging, which makes those ports more accessible to Asian cargo that is being diverted from west coast through the Panama to the US eastern seaboard.

"Shippers going through our ports pay money for this and they are not seeing it used," Long Beach port CEO Chris Lytle told London's Containerisation International.

"A lot of money is collected and we need to make sure that it goes to us and the use needs to be expanded - we should be allowed to utilise it," he said.

The tax, which chiefly pays for dredging, has been in the spotlight recently with the Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) investigating claims that the tax is driving shippers away from US west coast ports to Canada, where the tax is not payable.

Said Tacoma port commissioner Connie Bacon: "Price matters: There are financial incentives for shippers to reroute to ports where they don't have to pay this tax."

"HMT [Harbour Maintenance Tax] is not fair. Ports on the west coast get no use out of it. It would be great if the money collected could be spent on things that are important to us," she said.

Anthony Pagano, professor of supply chain management and logistics at the University of Illinois said: "Get rid of it, kill it, we don't need it."

Disagreeing that Canada is a serious threat to US cargo, Vancouver port CEO Robin Silvester said: "There are some who believe that a fee should be levied at land borders of the US/Canada. These are misconceptions; this will inhibit, not create growth."

Mr Silvester has often said that 95 per cent of his import cargo is Canada-bound, so the tax does not affect his operations much. Less than five per cent of Vancouver's 2.2 million TEU annual throughput in 2011 went to the US. While proportions tend to be reversed through Prince Rupert, the small container terminal 200 miles up the coast from Vancouver only handles 410,366 TEU in imports a year against 10 million TEU for Long Beach and 1.49 million TEU for Tacoma.

But Tacoma's Ms Bacon said: "If the HMT is not important than why does PMV [Port of Metro Vancouver] run ads encouraging shippers to use the port because there is no tax?"

Said LB's Mr Lytle: "We lose cargo because of this tax. The price of cargo is one of many reasons why shippers move cargo to different ports, It's a lot more money. The HMT clearly needs to be looked at."

Source Shipping Gazette - Daily Shipping News

THE Panama Canal Authority (ACP) board of directors has announced the appointment of engineer Jorge Luis Quijano as the new Panama Canal administrator, succeeding Alberto Aleman Zubieta, who has been at the helm of the canal for the past 16 years and whose term ends in September.

Mr Quijano' career at the Panama Canal began in 1975 and after several promotions he was appointed maritime operations director in 1999. Since September 2006, he has been the executive vice president of the engineering and programmes management department in charge of the Panama Canal expansion programme.

"We are proud to announce the appointment of Jorge Quijano as the new canal administrator. The board of directors, as part of its legal duties and based on its autonomy, considers engineer Quijano to have the knowledge and experience needed to manage the waterway at this key moment in its history," said Romulo Roux, board of directors chairman and minister for canal affairs.

Said Mr Roux: "The board of directors completed this selection process through the elaboration of a specific chronogram which compiled the challenges of the canal and its expansion. Based upon this strategic planning process, the board developed the profile of the new administrator."

Mr Roux explained that Mr Quijano will begin a transition period under the guidance of administrator Alberto Aleman Zubieta, to guarantee a smooth succession once he officially occupies the position beginning on September 4.

Source Shipping Gazette - Daily Shipping News

THE Philippines port operator Asian Terminals Incorporated (ATI) saw profits fall 29.3 per cent last year to PHP1.52 billion (US$35.8 million) from PHP2.15 billion in 2010.

At the same time, revenue slid by 3.1 per cent to PHP4.39 billion from PHP4.53 billion in 2010, Manila's Business World reported.

Officials of ATI could not be immediately reached to elaborate on the 2011 results and its financial statement has not yet been made available, said Business World.

In reporting its nine-month results earlier, however, the port operator had pointed to a 44 per cent drop in international non-containerised shipments reportedly due to lower rice and steel imports.

In contrast, port operator International Container Terminal Services Incorporated (ICTSI) last week said it ended 2011 with a 33 per cent increase in net income to $130.5 million on improved performance of its terminals globally.

But ATI said it is working to achieve growth. "Asian Terminals is constantly expanding its port facilities and further improving the efficiency of its operations through the acquisition of state-of-the-art equipment and technologies," the company said.

"Asian Terminals is also expanding the quay length of Pier 3, its container yard, and is adding two more rubber-tyre gantries to increase the annual throughput capacity of Manila South Harbour near the one million TEU mark," said the company that operates South Harbour.

Source Shipping Gazette - Daily Shipping News

THE UK's Barloworld Handling has announced its ports and terminal specialists are willing to offer free advice and site surveys to companies wishing to lower handling costs and/or bolster their operations ahead of the expected growth in traffic volumes.

The free advice and site surveys will be conducted through the use of the company's materials mapping and 3D simulation software. This enables the operator/facility to test various operating scenarios and equipment choice before committing to a particular investment.

The company said the expected increase in rail freight volumes will prompt the requirement to improve rail/yard operations, reports London's Containerisation International.

Ports and terminals sales manager Mike Parkin said: "The UK's Department of Transport says rail freight has expanded by 60 per cent over the past decade and is expected to grow by a further 30 per cent by 2019."

According to the company official, "ports and freight terminal operators are highly motivated to review options that lead to improved efficiency and carbon reductions".

Source Shipping Gazette - Daily Shipping News

 

FEDEX Express is preparing to deploy an unspecified number of electric Newton Step Vans for use in select markets over the course of the year.

Neither the logistics firm nor the manufacturer would say how many vans will be deployed this year. The electric step vans, which are standard shape walk-in vehicle in which one can stand up, are able run up to 100 miles on a single charge.

It said the Newton Step Van features Smith Electric Vehicle's proprietary battery-based technology and a walk-in body manufactured by Indiana-based truck-body maker Utilimaster.

The Newton Step Van can be specified for gross vehicle weights of between 14,000 and 26,000 pounds. The report added that the electric step vans have been deployed and tested as an urban pickup and delivery vehicle by several companies already, including Coca-Cola, Duane Reed and New Deal Logistics.

Source Shipping Gazette - Daily Shipping News


CATHAY Pacific Airways has announced the combined cargo throughput of Cathay Pacific and Dragonair in February was up 0.8 per cent to 117,800 tonnes year on year.

But the cargo and mail load factor was down by 1.8 percentage points to 65.8 peer cent. Capacity in available cargo/mail tonne kilometres rose 4.7 per cent, while cargo and mail tonne kilometres flown increased two per cent. For the year to date, tonnage has declined 10.4 per cent while capacity has shrunk 1.6 per cent.

Cathay Pacific general manager cargo sales & marketing James Woodrow said: "On the surface the February cargo figures look reasonably okay, but comparisons with 2011 are distorted because of the Chinese New Year effect. Our key markets remained soft, with weak demand to Europe in particular out of Hong Kong and Shanghai. We continued to manage capacity in line with demand, which helped to keep load factors reasonably stable. At the end of February, demand out of Hong Kong and mainland China did improve due to large project shipments."

Source Shipping Gazette - Daily Shipping News

SINGAPORE's big aviation engineering company is playing a central role in helping Airbus reduce Boeing's air freight dominance by converting redundant A330 passenger aircraft into cargo carriers to compete with converted versions of Boeing 767s, reports Bloomberg.

According to the agreement with Singapore Technologies, the Asian company's ST Aero unit will develop the model with Dresden-based Airbus Group unit EFW, that already does Airbus conversions. Conversion work will be split between the two, with most work done in Germany.

The EFW facility already does A300s and A310s, which are up to 40 years old and expensive to fly though they are about the same size as the A330s. "The converted planes offer fuel-efficiency at a relatively low price.

While Airbus SAS (EAD) dominates the civil aviation sales worldwide, Boeing has 90 per cent of the dedicated freighter market. Airbus had no model to match Boeing's products and would face prohibitive costs to produce one.

"This makes good sense," said Oddo Securities analyst Yan Derocles in Paris. "Given the size of its order backlog, Airbus is in no position to do something like this on its own, so partnering with Singapore Technologies avoids cannibalising its own resources. Plus a freighter conversion extends the life of the A330 passenger model and protects residual values."

Airbus estimates a demand for 2,731 cargo jets through 2030, according to the company's first ever market forecast solely for that sector, published last month.

Airbus CEO Tom Enders said the converted aircraft - known as the A330P2F (passenger to freight) - won't affect sales of the purpose built A330 cargo aircraft as they appeal to different markets.

Purpose-built freighters are mostly deployed by carriers with high-intensity cargo operations and minimal downtime, said Andreas Hermann, who heads the Toulouse-based company's freighter unit, whereas converted aircraft are preferred by airlines that have lower utilisation and are not willing to pay high prices for new planes.

The Airbus plan was influenced by Qatar Air CEO Akbar Al Baker's announcement last year that he planned to switch a batch of the planes to cargo use by 2016 and would buy converted 767s if the Airbus could not do the work.

Qatar Air, which has expanded its cargo business after buying a 35 per cent of Cargolux, Europe's biggest air freight carrier, now wants to convert twenty A330s. The carrier is also looking at converting 777-200ERs.

"We will not buy new freighters," said a Qatar executive. "The cost of ownership is so high that there's no way we'd make money."

But Emirates thinks conversions are over-rated. Ram Menen, the Dubai-based carrier's cargo chief, is adding nine new 777 through 2014 to double its freighter fleet and will consider placing an order for 747-8Fs once traffic picks up.

"I'm not keen on those converted airplanes, especially when you have oil prices where they are right now," he said. "They tend to be a bit more inefficient because they tend to be heavier, and their payload capabilities are a bit challenged."

Source Shipping Gazette - Daily Shipping News

AMERICA's biggest plane maker Boeing expects to win 200 orders for the company's 737 MAX aircraft in China this year, reports Bloomberg.

"We're out talking to every single airline in China about the 737 MAX," said Jim Albaugh, the company's commercial aircraft chief, adding that he also plans to sell "quite a number" of 747-8s.

Boeing must compete for orders with the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China's (Comac) C919 aircraft, which has won 225 orders. Single-aisle planes like the C919 and 737 MAX are expected to account for 71 per cent of the 5,000 new planes flown by Chinese airlines by 2030, according to Boeing.

Mr Albaugh said that Comac will be "a tough competitor" in coming years, but despite this, Boeing plans to set up a jointly-funded research centre with the Chinese company in Beijing to develop fuel-efficient technologies.

Boeing forecasts the new 737 MAX to play a big role in taking half of a US$2 trillion market in the next 20 years and fend off a challenge from Toulouse-based Airbus. Boeing has been helped in this by Beijing's refusal to pay Europe's new carbon tax on aircraft emissions, and its recent instructions to domestic carriers to minimise Airbus business.

"Comac is going to sell into their domestic market and they'll probably also sell some of their planes around the world," he said. "In the years to come, they're going to be a tough competitor."

The C919 and 737 MAX compete in the single-aisle segment that dominates global airline fleets. The market will probably account for 71 per cent of the 5,000 new planes that Chinese carriers will order through 2030, according to forecasts from Chicago-based Boeing.

In the wide-body segment, Boeing anticipates "several dozen" 777 orders in China this year, and deals for both 747-8 passenger and freighter jumbo jets, Mr Albaugh said. Hainan Airlines, backed by the government of Hainan province, may swap 787 orders for 747-8s, said Chen Feng, chairman of its Hainan Airlines, parent company, Grand China Air.

China Eastern Airlines, the country's second-biggest carrier by passengers, swapped 24 orders for 787 Dreamliners last year in favour of smaller 737s because of delivery delays and a slowdown in demand for long-haul international travel.

Source Shipping Gazette - Daily Shipping News

THE wholly-owned subsidiary of the Lufthansa Group, Lufthansa Systems, announced that its Electronic Logistics & Warehouse Information System (ELWIS), with its new interface that supports the entry summary declarations required under ICS (Import Control System) regulations, will help simplify the work of cargo handlers.

The new European ICS stipulates that when goods are first brought into the European Union, an electronic entry summary declaration must be submitted to the respective national customs office of first entry prior to the arrival of the cargo.

The company explained that through its integrated ICS interface, ELWIS enables handling agents to communicate with the connected customs authorities, generate entry summary declarations and receive the movement reference numbers (MRN) allocated by the customs authorities for the safekeeping of the cargo.

ELWIS covers the entire cargo handling workflow - from physical handling, documentation and generation of air cargo documents, to recipient notification, customs clearance and billing. For physical handling in the warehouse, ELWIS offers a special module for mobile data recording which quickly and efficiently scans, records and links items of cargo and storage areas, helping to integrate all elements of the transport chain in a single process.

Source Shipping Gazette - Daily Shipping News

XINING Airport, in north western Qinghai province, recorded a cargo throughput of 820.1 tonnes in February, an upswing of 81.6 per cent compared to 481.7 tonnes in the same month in 2011.

Outbound cargo amounted to 203.7 tonnes, soaring 93.45 per cent over the 105.3 tonnes in the same month last year.

Xinhua's report said that the satisfactory performance of Xining airport in February, which is traditionally a slack season for Qinghai's air cargo market, will lay solid foundation for the airport's materialisation of its yearly target.

Source Shipping Gazette - Daily Shipping News
    
Marlink, the world’s largest maritime VSAT service provider recently acquired by Astrium, has announced an agreement with Telenor Satellite Broadcasting (TSBc), a major satellite provider of broadcast and data services throughout Europe and the Middle East, to renew and increase Marlink’s capacity for the next three years. Utilising TSBc’s IS 10-02 high powered satellite capacity, located at the prime orbital location, 1°West, Marlink is able to meet the future requirements of its many maritime customers in the busy oceanic areas of the Nordic, European and Middle Eastern regions.

TSBc’s capacity on Intelsat 10-02 provides unsurpassed coverage above 60° North offering high throughput for Offshore, Transportation and Ferry customers of Marlink, one of few providers offering reliable services in this far Northern region. The contract confirms Marlink’s commitment to providing its customers with robust Ku-band coverage in these key areas of business. The agreement provides significant Ku-band capacity on Spot 2 of the satellite and almost 200 MHz Ku-band on Spot 1.

In a further move to create a flexible growth path, the agreement with TSB cconfirms an option for Marlink to use the Ka-band payload of the new THOR 7 satellite which will be operational in early 2014. This will provide additional capacity to support the increased demand anticipated from maritime customers in the coming years.

Tore Morten Olsen, CEO of Marlink commented, “We have enjoyed a long standing relationship with Telenor Satellite Broadcasting which has helped us to develop a reliable and trustworthy VSAT service for our customers in these essential regions. Coverage extends from the busy sea lanes North of Norway to Northern Africa and the Middle East. Our customers can therefore continue to rely on us to provide exceptional service and continuity. When the new THOR satellite comes online, Marlink will now be one of the first to utilize this new frequency band.”

“We are delighted that Marlink are confident in the high quality satellites services that Telenor Satellite Broadcasting provides by renewing and increasing their long term agreement“ said Cato Halsaa, Vice President and CEO of Telenor Satellite Broadcasting. “With the launch of THOR 7, we are particularly pleased to be able to offer Marlink a future growth path at 1° West, providing additional capacity to support increased communication services.”

Source Marlink

VR is celebrating its 150th anniversary this year. The celebrations reach a high point this week, for 17 March 1862 was the date when regular rail services began between Helsinki and Hämeenlinna.

“We look back with pride at our long, splendid history, during which the railways have played a key role in the development of Finnish society,” states President and CEO Mikael Aro. “At the same time we look to the future with confidence, for we intend to transport passengers and freight for at least another 150 years.”

“We are working continuously at self-renewal, for the world around us is changing,” says Mr Aro. “Together with personnel and customers we are building VR Group into a modern, international service company, for which the most important goals are improving service, open dialogue and satisfied customers.”

Events in the week

Preparations for the celebrations are being made at railway stations. At VR’s stations with service over the next few weeks the public can not only see the flags flying but also enjoy complimentary birthday cake with coffee. The anniversary has brought stations a new look, and VR is making special offers for rail travel throughout the year.

An anniversary exhibition of photographs is opening to the public at Helsinki Central Station on 15 March. The exhibition includes photographs of VR’s rolling stock, the different railway professions and stations. Old posters advertising the railways will also be on display and a miniature railway built in the station ticket hall. The exhibition will be open until September.

A smaller exhibition of photographs put together by Reilia, the railway culture centre, will travel round different stations during the year.

VR will be on television on 25 March, when a documentary film telling the history of VR will be shown on the MTV3 channel.

Jubilee year got underway in January

VR’s anniversary year began in January with the publication of Getting there together - 150 years of VR, which tells the history of the railways in Finland. The book was published by WSOY and written by Professor Seppo Zetterberg. In honour of the anniversary, in February personnel received new uniforms, and at the beginning of March VR anniversary postage stamps were issued.

VR refurbished a heritage train for the anniversary year, which was named Valtteri. Valtteri has fully restored wooden-bodied carriages and a Dr13 diesel locomotive. Thanks to the automated protection device fitted on the train, it is able to travel on all sections of the rail network.

During the anniversary week Valtteri will travel on the oldest section of track in Finland between Helsinki and Hämeenlinna. The train can be admired at station events open to the public to be held in different parts of Finland during the summer.

Source VR Group

Competing retailer groups, Coop, Dansk Supermarked and SuperGros, together covering 97 per cent of the Danish market have united to achieve a common objective, to promote MSC certified sustainable seafood.

Building momentum in the seafood industry


SuperGros, COOP and Dansk Supermarked, Denmark’s largest retailer groups, have entered into partnership with the Danish Fishermen’s Producer Organization (DFPO) and the MSC [1]. The aims are to drive preference of MSC labelled seafood, increase the amount of MSC labelled seafood under own retailer brands as well as to encourage key fisheries to engage in the MSC programme.

”We welcome this partnership, and we are pleased that we have been able to work together as wide as in this case. In Dansk Supermarked we are confident that many people will be happy for this alternative. That is why we would like to offer a sustainable alternative to our customers”, Sören Bo Christensen, Dansk Supermarked.


Joining forces to boost the MSC ecolabel in-store


The retailers are also committed to help build consumer awareness of the MSC program through an in-store nationwide marketing campaign.


”We can see the business model of this joint cooperation in MSC labelled fish, and even better; it’s good for the environment! That’s primarily why we support the partnership. We are happily looking forward for the campaign to kick off”, Lars Frost, SuperGros.


A fast growing market


Denmark is the world’s fifth largest seafood exporter and one of the fastest growing MSC markets in terms of products. Several Danish fisheries were certified against the MSC environmental standard for sustainable fisheries during 2011 with key species such as cod, plaice and saithe. The number of MSC labelled products on the Danish market has surpassed 500, an increased by 75 per cent in 2011.

The Danish fishery sector has been one of the strongest supporters of the MSC programme to date. Denmark currently has 16 fisheries engaged in the programme and more than 100 Chain of custody certified companies supplying key MSC markets.


“The Danish Fishermen’s Producer Organisation is committed to bringing all its fisheries into the MSC programme and by now two-thirds of the Danish human consumption landings are certified ….. As the world’s fifth largest exporter of fish and seafood, the Danish fishing industry can drive sustainable fisheries in Europe and at the same time contribute to the local economy, employment and environment”, says Kurt Madsen, Chairman of the Danish Fishermen’s Producer Organisation.


A first for Denmark and the MSC


Nicolas Guichoux, Regional Director Europe, MSC says; “Retailers are uniquely positioned as seafood buyers: they can influence fishing practices and they also have a direct relationship with consumers. I am extremely pleased to see that Coop, Dansk Supermarked and SuperGros are using their relationship with consumers to communicate in-store and help support the MSC's mission. The scale of this campaign is unprecedented as it covers almost the entire food retail sector in Denmark, a world first.”


”In COOP we believe in this. We are confident that there will be a market for MSC labelled products. With this partnership we intend to offer a sustainable choice that over the next couple of years will grow in size and in the number of different products”, Mogens Werge, COOP Denmark.


Source MSC

LSG Sky Chefs, the world’s largest provider of in-flight services, and Finnair have signed a Memorandum of Understanding  on LSG Sky Chefs acquiring Finnair’s catering operations. The acquisition would comprise the entire share capital of Finnair Catering Ltd. and Finncatering Ltd. Finnair would continue to buy its flight catering services from Finnair Catering Ltd., which transfers under LSG Sky Chefs ownership. The acquisition is subject to the approval of Lufthansa Board and the competition authority of Finland and it is expected to be closed by the end of first half of 2012.

"LSG Sky Chefs is one of the leading players in the in-flight service industry. Its international product development, global operations and profound know-how of in-flight services are an excellent basis for producing high-quality in-flight service for Finnair customers. We have positive experiences with LSG Sky Chefs from other airports outside Finland and this is a natural continuation of our partnership", says Anssi Komulainen, Senior Vice President of Customer Service at Finnair.

“Together with other measures taken to improve efficiency in catering operations of our airline business, we expect this transaction to result in substantial permanent annual cost savings contributing to our overall savings targets.”

"LSG Sky Chefs is extremely pleased to be able to widen its operations to the strategically important Finnish market. Finnair’s catering operations are well run, the personnel is very professional and the production facilities are state-of-the art. Finnair is an important client for us and we are convinced that we can further develop the operations, thus producing additional value for Finnair and its passengers", states Jochen Müller, Executive Board Member Operations of LSG Sky Chefs.

In 2010, the catering business included in the Memorandum of Understanding had net sales of 80 million euro. Subject to the final agreement, approximately 650 employees of Finnair Catering Ltd and Finncatering Ltd will be employed by LSG Sky Chefs. The transaction does not include Finnair Travel Retail, which as of January 1, 2012 has been a part of Finnair’s other operations.

Developing its partnership network is a part of Finnair’s strategy and the planned structural changes of the company, which aim at cost savings and facilitating growth through quality improvements. Finnair had announced earlier that it was looking for a cooperation partner for its catering services.

LSG Sky Chefs is the world’s largest provider of in-flight services. These include catering, in-flight equipment and logistics, in-flight retail as well as the management of onboard service and related airport services. LSG Sky Chefs partners with more than 300 airlines worldwide and operates some 200 customer service centers in 50 countries, producing around 460 million airline meals a year. In 2010, the companies belonging to LSG Sky Chefs Group achieved consolidated revenues of € 2.2 billion. For further information also visit www.lsgskychefs.com

Source FINNAIR PLC

Achievement a Significant Positive Development for the Gulf Region

  • Three-thousand Louisiana blue crab commercial fishermen represented by the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries and the Louisiana Seafood Promotion and Marketing Board have earned the right to tell buyers and consumers across the country that the Louisiana blue crab fishery is Marine Stewardship Council certified as a sustainable and well-managed fishery.  

The independent, third-party certification body, Scientific Certification Systems (SCS) assessed the Louisiana blue crab fishery against the MSC standard in a rigorous, open and transparent process that was scientifically peer reviewed and involved site visits to the fishery and outreach to stakeholder groups.  During assessment, SCS identified six improvement actions the fishery must perform during the five year period of certification that address harvest strategy, acquisition of additional data, bycatch and ecosystem impact and progress will be assessed during the annual surveillance audits required by the MSC program.

What the fishery says

Randy Pausina, LDWF Assistant Secretary says, “We are pleased to have worked so closely with members of the crab fishery and the LSPMB on this significant step forward for our industry.  I would like to express my appreciation to the biologists who work at LDWF now and those who have in the past, because without the excellent management techniques that our department has implemented over the years, this certification would not be possible.”

Ewell Smith, Executive Director of the Louisiana Seafood Promotion and Marketing Board says: “MSC certification is a major, positive development for thousands of Louisiana commercial blue crab fishermen, our processors and marketers and the entire Gulf Region. MSC certification brings a new source of pride and confidence in Louisiana Seafood and it will help us assure buyers and consumers across the United States that Louisiana Seafood is sustainable.”

What the MSC says

Kerry Coughlin, MSC Americas regional director, says: “Louisiana fishermen, families and communities have been working hard to rebuild their livelihoods after the oil spill and we are very proud that MSC certification will help in that process.  By voluntarily entering the Louisiana blue crab fishery into assessment when it did, the Louisiana Seafood Promotion and Marketing Board showed its commitment to sustainability and preserving the livelihoods of commercial blue crab fishing.”

The fishery is managed by the state of Louisiana through its Wildlife and Fisheries Commission by the Department of Wildlife & Fisheries, Division of Marine Fisheries in active consultation with industry via the Louisiana Blue Crab Task Force.

Louisiana blue crab is sold in the local and national domestic market and exported.

Source MSC
 

The magazine SEA has been published since 1935
International business magazine JŪRA MOPE SEA has been published since 1999
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The magazine JŪRA has been published since 1935.
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